See also my PDF CV and Google Scholar.

Ten Selected Publications

C. Hofer and T. J. Pennycook. “Reliable phase quantification in focused probe electron ptychography of thin materials”. Ultramicroscopy, 254 (2023), p. 113829.
Citations: 6
Introducing a superior method of quantifying the true atomic phases in ptychography and CoM based imaging.

C. Gao, C. Hofer, D. Jannis, A. Béché, J. Verbeeck, and T. J. Pennycook. “Overcoming contrast reversals in focused probe ptychography of thick materials: An optimal pipeline for efficiently determining local atomic structure in materials science”. Applied Physics Letters, 121 (2022), p. 081906.
Citations: 14
Simultaneous ptychography complementing the Z-contrast workflow with no loss of speed, revealing light atoms and providing significantly greater dose efficiency than other STEM methods, including iCoM.

H. S. Wang, L. Chen, K. Elibol, L. He, H. Wang, C. Chen, C. Jiang, C. Li, T. Wu, C. X. Cong, T. J. Pennycook, G. Argentero, D. Zhang, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, W. Wei, Q. Yuan, J. C. Meyer and X. Xie. “Towards Chirality Control of Graphene Nanoribbons Embedded in Hexagonal Boron Nitride”. Nature Materials 20 (2021), p. 202.
Citations: 111
Edge-specific fabrication of graphene nanoribbons embedded in h-BN.

D. Jannis, C. Hofer, C. Gao, X. Xie, A. Béché, T. J. Pennycook and J. Verbeeck. “Event Driven 4D STEM Acquisition With a Timepix3 Detector: Microsecond Dwell Time and Faster Scans for High Precision and Low Dose applications”. Ultramicroscopy 233 (2021), p. 113423.
Citations: 62
First 4D STEM unhindered by the speed of the camera.

T. J. Pennycook, G. T. Martinez, P. D. Nellist, J. C. Meyer “High Dose Efficiency Atomic Resolution Imaging via Electron Ptychography”. Ultramicroscopy 196 (2019), p. 131.
Citations: 67
Superior low dose performance over conventional HRTEM with ptychography.

T. J. Pennycook, H. Yang, L. Jones, A. R. Lupini, M. F. Murfitt and P. D. Nellist, “Efficient Phase Contrast Imaging in STEM Using a Pixelated Detector. Part 1: Experimental Demonstration at Atomic Resolution”. Ultramicroscopy 151, (2015), p. 160.
Citations: 268
Direct ptychography method for maximum efficiency imaging in STEM.

K. R. Paton, E. Varrla, C. Backes, R. J. Smith, U. Khan, A. O’Neill, C. Boland, M. Lotya, O. M. Istrate, P. King, T. Higgins, S. Barwich, P. May, P. Puczkarski, I. Ahmed, M. Moebius, H. Pettersson, E. Long, J. Coelho, S. E. O’Brien, E. K. McGuire, B. M. Sanchez, G. S. Duesberg, N. McEvoy, T. J. Pennycook, C. Downing, A. Crossley, V. Nicolosi and J. N. Coleman. “Scalable Production of Large Quantities of Defect-Free Few-Layer Graphene by Shear Exfoliation in Liquids”. Nature Materials 13, (2014), p. 624.
Citations: 2678
Simple scalable production of large amounts of graphene.

C. Li, Y. Wu, J. Poplawsky, T. J. Pennycook, N. Paudel, W. Yin, S. J. Haigh, M. P. Oxley, A. R. Lupini, M. Al-Jassim, S. J. Pennycook and Y. Yan. “Grain-Boundary-Enhanced Carrier Collection in CdTe Solar Cells”. Physical Review Letters 112 (2014), p. 156103.
Citations: 336
Physics behind the efficiency of CdTe solar cells.

O. L. Krivanek, M. F. Chisholm, V. Nicolosi, T. J. Pennycook, G. J. Corbin, N. Dellby, M. F. Murfitt, C. S. Own, Z. S. Szilagyi, M. P. Oxley, S. T. Pantelides and S. J. Pennycook. “Atom-by-Atom Structural and Chemical Analysis by Annular Dark-Field Electron Microscopy”. Nature 464 (2010), p. 571.
Citations: 1504
Locating and identifying individual atoms in 2D materials.

T. J. Pennycook, M. J. Beck, K. Varga, M. Varela, S. J. Pennycook and S. T. Pantelides. “Origin of Colossal Ionic Conductivity in Oxide Multilayers: Interface Induced Sublattice Disorder”. Physical Review Letters 104 (2010), p. 115901.
Citations: 152
Physics of the eight orders of magnitude increase in the ionic conductivity of multilayer YSZ.

Full Publication List

[1] P. D. Nellist and T. J. Pennycook, Making the Link Between ADF and 4D STEM: Resolution, Transfer and Coherence, Chinese Physics B (2024).

[2] S. Zhang et al., Deterministic Synthesis of a Two-Dimensional MAPbI₃ Nanosheet and Twisted Structure with Moiré Superlattice, Journal of the American Chemical Society (2024).

[3] C. Hofer, C. Gao, T. Chennit, B. Yuan, and T. J. Pennycook, Phase Offset Method of Ptychographic Contrast Reversal Correction, Ultramicroscopy 258, 113922 (2024).

[4] C. Gao, C. Hofer, and T. J. Pennycook, On Central Focusing for Contrast Optimization in Direct Electron Ptychography of Thick Samples, Ultramicroscopy 256, 113879 (2023).

[5] C. Hofer and T. J. Pennycook, Reliable Phase Quantification in Focused Probe Electron Ptychography of Thin Materials, Ultramicroscopy 254, 113829 (2023).

[6] A. Singh et al., Two-Dimensional Halide Pb-Perovskite, Journal of the American Chemical Society 145, 19885 (2023).

[7] C. Hofer, K. Mustonen, V. Skákalová, and T. J. Pennycook, Picometer-Precision Few-Tilt Ptychotomography of 2D Materials, 2D Materials 10, 035029 (2023).

[8] G. Bian, O. Ageeva, V. Roddatis, C. Li, T. J. Pennycook, G. Habler, and R. Abart, Crystal Structure Controls on Oriented Primary Magnetite Micro-Inclusions in Plagioclase From Oceanic Gabbro, Journal of Petrology 64, egad008 (2023).

[9] S. Soltan, S. Macke, S. E. Ilse, T. Pennycook, Z. L. Zhang, G. Christiani, E. Benckiser, G. Schütz, and E. Goering, Ferromagnetic Order Controlled by the Magnetic Interface of LaNiO₃/La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃ Superlattices, Scientific Reports 13, 3847 (2023).

[10] C. Gao, C. Hofer, D. Jannis, A. Béché, J. Verbeeck, and T. J. Pennycook, Overcoming Contrast Reversals in Focused Probe Ptychography of Thick Materials: An Optimal Pipeline for Efficiently Determining Local Atomic Structure in Materials Science, Applied Physics Letters 121, 081906 (2022).

[11] S. Ning, W. Xu, Y. Ma, L. Loh, T. J. Pennycook, W. Zhou, F. Zhang, M. Bosman, S. J. Pennycook, and Qian. He, Accurate and Robust Calibration of the Uniform Affine Transformation Between Scan-Camera Coordinates for Atom-Resolved in-Focus 4D-STEM Datasets, Microscopy and Microanalysis 28, 622 (2022).

[12] D. Jannis, C. Hofer, C. Gao, X. Xie, A. Béché, T. J. Pennycook, and J. Verbeeck, Event Driven 4D STEM Acquisition with a Timepix3 Detector: Microsecond Dwell Time and Faster Scans for High Precision and Low Dose Applications, Ultramicroscopy 233, 113423 (2021).

[13] J. Madsen, T. J. Pennycook, and T. Susi, Ab Initio Description of Bonding for Transmission Electron Microscopy, Ultramicroscopy 231, 113253 (2021).

[14] H. S. Wang et al., Towards Chirality Control of Graphene Nanoribbons Embedded in Hexagonal Boron Nitride, Nature Materials 20, 202 (2021).

[15] K. Mustonen et al., Towards Exotic Layered Materials: 2D Cuprous Iodide, Advanced Materials 2106922 (2021).

[16] A. H. Mahadi et al., Beyond Surface Redox and Oxygen Mobility at Pd-Polar Ceria (100) Interface: Underlying Principle for Strong Metal-Support Interactions in Green Catalysis, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 270, 118843 (2020).

[17] G. T. Leuthner, S. Hummel, C. Mangler, T. J. Pennycook, T. Susi, J. C. Meyer, and J. Kotakoski, Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Under Controlled Low-Pressure Atmospheres, Ultramicroscopy 203, 76 (2019).

[18] T. Susi, J. Madsen, U. Ludacka, J. J. Mortensen, T. J. Pennycook, Z. Lee, J. Kotakoski, U. Kaiser, and J. C. Meyer, Efficient First Principles Simulation of Electron Scattering Factors for Transmission Electron Microscopy, Ultramicroscopy 197, 16 (2019).

[19] T. J. Pennycook, G. T. Martinez, P. D. Nellist, and J. C. Meyer, High Dose Efficiency Atomic Resolution Imaging via Electron Ptychography, Ultramicroscopy 196, 131 (2019).

[20] K. Elibol, T. Susi, G. Argentero, M. R. A. Monazam, T. J. Pennycook, J. C. Meyer, and J. Kotakoski, Atomic Structure of Intrinsic and Electron-Irradiation-Induced Defects in MoTe₂, Chemistry of Materials 30, 1230 (2018).

[21] C. Li, G. Habler, T. Griffiths, A. Recnik, P. Jerabek, L. C. Goetze, C. Mangler, T. J. Pennycook, J. Meyer, and R. Abart, Structure Evolution of h.c.p./c.c.p. Metal Oxide Interfaces in Solid-State Reactions, Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances 74, 466 (2018).

[22] T. J. Pennycook, H. Yang, L. Jones, M. Cabero, A. Rivera-Calzada, C. Leon, M. Varela, J. Santamaria, and P. D. Nellist, 3D Elemental Mapping with Nanometer Scale Depth Resolution via Electron Optical Sectioning, Ultramicroscopy 174, 27 (2017).

[23] R. Mirzayev, K. Mustonen, M. R. A. Monazam, A. Mittelberger, T. J. Pennycook, C. Mangler, T. Susi, J. Kotakoski, and J. C. Meyer, Buckyball Sandwiches, Science Advances 3, e1700176 (2017).

[24] T. Susi, V. Skakalova, A. Mittelberger, P. Kotrusz, M. Hulman, T. J. Pennycook, C. Mangler, J. Kotakoski, and J. C. Meyer, Computational Insights and the Observation of SiC Nanograin Assembly: Towards 2D Silicon Carbide, Scientific Reports 7, 1 (2017).

[25] K. Elibol, T. Susi, M. O’Brien, B. C. Bayer, T. J. Pennycook, N. McEvoy, G. S. Duesberg, J. C. Meyer, and J. Kotakoski, Grain Boundary-Mediated Nanopores in Molybdenum Disulfide Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition, Nanoscale 9, 1591 (2017).

[26] B. C. Bayer, S. Caneva, T. J. Pennycook, J. Kotakoski, C. Mangler, S. Hofmann, and J. C. Meyer, Introducing Overlapping Grain Boundaries in Chemical Vapor Deposited Hexagonal Boron Nitride Monolayer Films, ACS Nano 11, 4521 (2017).

[27] T. Susi, T. P. Hardcastle, H. Hofsaess, A. Mittelberger, T. J. Pennycook, C. Mangler, R. Drummond-Brydson, A. J. Scott, J. C. Meyer, and J. Kotakoski, Single-Atom Spectroscopy of Phosphorus Dopants Implanted into Graphene, 2D Materials 4, 021013 (2017).

[28] G. Argentero, A. Mittelberger, M. R. A. Monazam, Y. Cao, T. J. Pennycook, C. Mangler, C. Kramberger, J. Kotakoski, A. K. Geim, and J. C. Meyer, Unraveling the 3D Atomic Structure of a Suspended Graphene/hBN van Der Waals Heterostructure, Nano Letters 17, 1409 (2017).

[29] C. Li, Y.-Y. Zhang, T. J. Pennycook, Y. Wu, A. R. Lupini, N. Paudel, S. T. Pantelides, Y. Yan, and S. J. Pennycook, Column-by-Column Observation of Dislocation Motion in CdTe: Dynamic Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, Applied Physics Letters 109, 143107 (2016).

[30] S. L. Rhode, M. K. Horton, S.-L. Sahonta, M. J. Kappers, S. J. Haigh, T. J. Pennycook, C. McAleese, C. J. Humphreys, R. O. Dusane, and M. A. Moram, Dislocation Core Structures in (0001) InGaN, Journal of Applied Physics 119, 105301 (2016).

[31] X. Shen et al., High on/Off Ratio Memristive Switching of Manganite/Cuprate Bilayer by Interfacial Magnetoelectricity, Advanced Materials Interfaces 3, 1600086 (2016).

[32] S. Stehlik et al., High-Yield Fabrication and Properties of 1.4 Nm Nanodiamonds with Narrow Size Distribution, Scientific Reports 6, 38419 (2016).

[33] T. Susi, C. Hofer, G. Argentero, G. T. Leuthner, T. J. Pennycook, C. Mangler, J. C. Meyer, and J. Kotakoski, Isotope Analysis in the Transmission Electron Microscope, Nature Communications 7, 13040 (2016).

[34] M. O’Brien et al., Raman Characterization of Platinum Diselenide Thin Films, 2D Materials 3, 021004 (2016).

[35] H. Yang et al., Simultaneous Atomic-Resolution Electron Ptychography and z-Contrast Imaging of Light and Heavy Elements in Complex Nanostructures, Nature Communications 7, 12532 (2016).

[36] C. Li, T. Griffiths, T. J. Pennycook, C. Mangler, P. Jerabek, J. C. Meyer, G. Habler, and R. Abart, The Structure of a Propagating MgAl₂o₄/MgO Interface: Linked Atomic- and μm-Scale Mechanisms of Interface Motion, Philosophical Magazine 96, 2488 (2016).

[37] S. L. Rhode, M. K. Horton, W. Y. Fu, S. L. Sahonta, M. J. Kappers, T. J. Pennycook, C. J. Humphreys, R. O. Dusane, and M. A. Moram, Dislocation Core Structures in Si-Doped GaN, Applied Physics Letters 107, 243104 (2015).

[38] T. P. Almeida, A. R. Muxworthy, T. Kasama, W. Williams, C. Damsgaard, C. Frandsen, T. J. Pennycook, and R. E. Dunin-Borkowski, Effect of Maghemization on the Magnetic Properties of Nonstoichiometric Pseudo-Single-Domain Magnetite Particles, Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 16, 2969 (2015).

[39] T. J. Pennycook, A. R. Lupini, H. Yang, M. F. Murfitt, L. Jones, and P. D. Nellist, Efficient Phase Contrast Imaging in STEM Using a Pixelated Detector. Part 1: Experimental Demonstration at Atomic Resolution, Ultramicroscopy 151, 160 (2015).

[40] H. Yang, T. J. Pennycook, and P. D. Nellist, Efficient Phase Contrast Imaging in STEM Using a Pixelated Detector. Part II: Optimisation of Imaging Conditions, Ultramicroscopy 151, 232 (2015).

[41] Z. Fan, Y. Wang, Y. Zhang, T. Qin, X. R. Zhou, G. E. Thompson, T. J. Pennycook, and T. Hashimoto, Grain Refining Mechanism in the Al/Al-Ti-b System, Acta Materialia 84, 292 (2015).

[42] H. Yang, J. G. Lozano, T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, P. B. Hirsch, and P. D. Nellist, Imaging Screw Dislocations at Atomic Resolution by Aberration-Corrected Electron Optical Sectioning, Nature Communications 6, 7266 (2015).

[43] K. Sohlberg, T. J. Pennycook, W. Zhou, and S. J. Pennycook, Insights into the Physical Chemistry of Materials from Advances in HAADF-STEM, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, 3982 (2015).

[44] Y. Y. Zhang, R. Mishra, T. J. Pennycook, A. Y. Borisevich, S. J. Pennycook, and S. T. Pantelides, Oxygen Disorder, a Way to Accommodate Large Epitaxial Strains in Oxides, Advanced Materials Interfaces 2, 1500344 (2015).

[45] M. K. Horton, S. Rhode, S.-L. Sahonta, M. J. Koppers, S. J. Haigh, T. J. Pennycook, C. J. Humphreys, R. O. Dusane, and M. A. Moram, Segregation of in to Dislocations in InGaN, Nano Letters 15, 923 (2015).

[46] S. Stehlik et al., Size and Purity Control of HPHT Nanodiamonds down to 1 Nm, Journal of Physical Chemistry C 119, 27708 (2015).

[47] L. Jones, H. Yang, T. J. Pennycook, M. S. J. Marshall, S. Van Aert, N. D. Browning, M. R. Castell, and P. D. Nellist, Smart Align-a New Tool for Robust Non-Rigid Registration of Scanning Microscope Data, Advanced Structural and Chemical Imaging 1, 8 (2015).

[48] I. MacLaren, B. Sala, S. M. L. Andersson, T. J. Pennycook, J. Xiong, Q. X. Jia, E.-M. Choi, and J. L. MacManus-Driscoll, Strain Localization in Thin Films of Bi(fe,mn)o₃ Due to the Formation of Stepped Mn(4+)-Rich Antiphase Boundaries., Nanoscale Research Letters 10, 407 (2015).

[49] J. A. Thomas, S. P. Ashby, F. Huld, T. J. Pennycook, and Y. Chao, Synthesis of Low-Oxide Blue Luminescent Alkyl-Functionalized Silicon Nanoparticles with No Nitrogen Containing Surfactant, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 17, 227 (2015).

[50] J. J. Powell, S. F. A. Bruggraber, N. Faria, L. K. Poots, N. Hondow, T. J. Pennycook, G. O. Latunde-Dada, R. J. Simpson, A. P. Brown, and D. I. A. Pereira, A Nano-Disperse Ferritin-Core Mimetic That Efficiently Corrects Anemia Without Luminal Iron Redox Activity, Nanomedicine-Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine 10, 1529 (2014).

[51] T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, H. Pettersson, J. Coelho, M. Canavan, B. Mendoza-Sanchez, V. Nicolosi, and P. D. Nellist, Atomic Scale Dynamics of a Solid State Chemical Reaction Directly Determined by Annular Dark-Field Electron Microscopy, Scientific Reports 4, 7555 (2014).

[52] C. Li et al., Grain-Boundary-Enhanced Carrier Collection in CdTe Solar Cells, Physical Review Letters 112, 156103 (2014).

[53] E. K. Abo-Hamed, T. J. Pennycook, Y. Vaynzof, C. Toprakcioglu, A. Koutsioubas, and O. A. Scherman, Highly Active Metastable Ruthenium Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Production Through the Catalytic Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane, Small 10, 3145 (2014).

[54] C. Li, J. Poplawsky, N. Paudel, T. J. Pennycook, S. J. Haigh, M. M. Al-Jassim, Y. Yan, and S. J. Pennycook, S-Te Interdiffusion Within Grains and Grain Boundaries in CdTe Solar Cells, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 4, 1636 (2014).

[55] K. R. Paton et al., Scalable Production of Large Quantities of Defect-Free Few-Layer Graphene by Shear Exfoliation in Liquids., Nature Materials 13, 624 (2014).

[56] C. Li, Y. Wu, T. J. Pennycook, A. R. Lupini, D. N. Leonard, W. Yin, N. Paudel, M. Al-Jassim, Y. Yan, and S. J. Pennycook, Carrier Separation at Dislocation Pairs in CdTe, Physical Review Letters 111, 096403 (2013).

[57] R. Sayers, N. L. O. Flack, J. Alaria, P. A. Chater, R. G. Palgrave, S. R. C. McMitchell, S. Romani, Q. M. Ramasse, T. J. Pennycook, and M. J. Rosseinsky, Epitaxial Growth and Enhanced Conductivity of an IT-SOFC Cathode Based on a Complex Perovskite Superstructure with Six Distinct Cation Sites, Chemical Science 4, 2403 (2013).

[58] A. M. Thron et al., Formation of Pre-Silicide Layers Below Ni_1 − xpt_xsi/Si Interfaces, Acta Materialia 61, 2481 (2013).

[59] S. Ma, P. R. Cantwell, T. J. Pennycook, N. Zhou, M. P. Oxley, D. N. Leonard, S. J. Pennycook, J. Luo, and M. P. Harmer, Grain Boundary Complexion Transitions in WO₃- and CuO-Doped TiO₂ Bicrystals, Acta Materialia 61, 1691 (2013).

[60] S. J. Pennycook, H. Zhou, M. F. Chisholm, A. Y. Borisevich, M. Varela, J. Gazquez, T. J. Pennycook, and J. Narayan, Misfit Accommodation in Oxide Thin Film Heterostructures, Acta Materialia 61, 2725 (2013).

[61] H. E, K. E. MacArthur, T. J. Pennycook, E. Okunishi, A. J. D’Alfonso, N. R. Lugg, L. J. Allen, and P. D. Nellist, Probe Integrated Scattering Cross Sections in the Analysis of Atomic Resolution HAADF STEM Images, Ultramicroscopy 133, 109 (2013).

[62] R. J. Nicholls, A. T. Murdock, J. Tsang, J. Britton, T. J. Pennycook, A. Koos, P. D. Nellist, N. Grobert, and J. R. Yates, Probing the Bonding in Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Using Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy, ACS Nano 7, 7145 (2013).

[63] J. R. McBride, T. J. Pennycook, S. J. Pennycook, and S. J. Rosenthal, The Possibility and Implications of Dynamic Nanoparticle Surfaces, ACS Nano 7, 8358 (2013).

[64] S. P. Ashby, J. A. Thomas, P. R. Coxon, M. Bilton, R. Brydson, T. J. Pennycook, and Y. Chao, The Effect of Alkyl Chain Length on the Level of Capping of Silicon Nanoparticles Produced by a One-Pot Synthesis Route Based on the Chemical Reduction of Micelle, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 15, 1425 (2013).

[65] T. J. Pennycook, J. R. McBride, S. J. Rosenthal, S. J. Pennycook, and S. T. Pantelides, Dynamic Fluctuations in Ultrasmall Nanocrystals Induce White Light Emission, Nano Letters 12, 3038 (2012).

[66] T. J. Pennycook, M. P. Oxley, J. Garcia-Barriocanal, F. Y. Bruno, C. Leon, J. Santamaria, S. T. Pantelides, M. Varela, and S. J. Pennycook, Seeing Oxygen Disorder in YSZ/SrTiO₃ Colossal Ionic Conductor Heterostructures Using EELS, European Physical Journal-Applied Physics 54, 33507 (2011).

[67] A. Rivera-Calzada et al., Tailoring Interface Structure in Highly Strained YSZ/STO Heterostructures, Advanced Materials 23, 5268 (2011).

[68] O. L. Krivanek et al., Atom-by-Atom Structural and Chemical Analysis by Annular Dark-Field Electron Microscopy, Nature 464, 571 (2010).

[69] O. L. Krivanek, N. Dellby, M. F. Murfitt, M. F. Chisholm, T. J. Pennycook, K. Suenaga, and V. Nicolosi, Gentle STEM: ADF Imaging and EELS at Low Primary Energies, Ultramicroscopy 110, 935 (2010).

[70] T. J. Pennycook, G. Hadjisavvas, J. C. Idrobo, P. C. Kelires, and S. T. Pantelides, Optical Gaps of Free and Embedded Si Nanoclusters: Density Functional Theory Calculations, Physical Review B 82, 125310 (2010).

[71] T. J. Pennycook, M. J. Beck, K. Varga, M. Varela, S. J. Pennycook, and S. T. Pantelides, Origin of Colossal Ionic Conductivity in Oxide Multilayers: Interface Induced Sublattice Disorder, Physical Review Letters 104, 115901 (2010).

[72] M. P. Oxley, M. Varela, T. J. Pennycook, K. van Benthem, S. D. Findlay, A. J. D’Alfonso, L. J. Allen, and S. J. Pennycook, Interpreting Atomic-Resolution Spectroscopic Images, Physical Review B 76, 064303 (2007).

[73] M. Varela, T. J. Pennycook, W. Tian, D. Mandrus, S. J. Pennycook, V. Pena, Z. Sefrioui, and J. Santamaria, Atomic Scale Characterization of Complex Oxide Interfaces, Journal of Materials Science 41, 4389 (2006).

Book Chapters

[74] S. J. Pennycook, G. Duscher, R. Buczko, M. Kim, N. D. Browning, W. Zhou, C. Li, T. J. Pennycook, R. Ishikawa, and S. T. Pantelides, Atomic Structure and Properties of Dislocations and Grain Boundaries, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering (Elsevier, 2016).

[75] A. R. Lupini et al., Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, in Nanocharacterisation, 2nd Edition (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015).

[76] M. Varela, T. J. Pennycook, J. Gazquez, A. Y. Borisevich, S. T. Pantelides, and S. J. Pennycook, Complex Oxide Materials, in Handbook of Nanoscopy (John Wiley & Sons, 2012).

[77] M. Varela, J. Gazquez, T. J. Pennycook, C. Magen, M. P. Oxley, and S. J. Pennycook, Applications of Aberration Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy to Complex Oxide Materials, in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy: Imaging and Analysis (Springer, 2011).

Refereed Conference Proceedings

[78] T. Susi, N. Dellby, R. Hayner, C. Hofer, J. Kotakoski, T. C. Lovejoy, C. Mangler, A. Mittelberger, T. J. Pennycook, and B. Plotkin-Swing, Open-Source Phase Reconstructions of Focused-Probe 4D-STEM Data with Near-Ideal Direct-Electron Detection, Microscopy and Microanalysis 30, ozae044.920 (2024).

[79] T. Chennit, C. Hofer, B. Yuan, S. Li, A. Maiden, and T. J. Pennycook, Comparing Ptychographic Methods for Maximum Low Dose Performance, Microscopy and Microanalysis 30, ozae044.929 (2024).

[80] C. Hofer, C. Gao, E. Pogosyan, K. Mustonen, E. Müller, T. Ishikawa, and T. J. Pennycook, Investigating Direct Focused Probe Ptychography for Single Particle Analysis, Microscopy and Microanalysis 28, 1284 (2022).

[81] C. Hofer, K. Mustonen, V. Skákalová, and T. J. Pennycook, Few-Tilt Electron Ptychotomography: A New Method to Determine the 3D Structure of 2D Materials with High-Precision and Low-Dose, Microscopy and Microanalysis 28, 2526 (2022).

[82] C. Gao, C. Hofer, and T. J. Pennycook, Addressing Thickness Induced Contrast Reversals in Focused Probe Ptychography, Microscopy and Microanalysis 28, 360 (2022).

[83] J. Madsen, C. Hofer, T. C. Pekin, M. Schloz, T. A. Bui, C. Koch, T. J. Pennycook, and T. Susi, Ab Initio Electrostatic Potentials for 4D-STEM Ptychographic Reconstruction, Microscopy and Microanalysis 28, 392 (2022).

[84] S. Ning et al., A Hybrid Approach to Calibrate the Affine Transformation Between Scan-Camera Coordinates for 4D-STEM Datasets, Microscopy and Microanalysis 28, 2532 (2022).

[85] T. Friedrich, C.-P. Yu, J. Verbeek, T. J. Pennycook, and S. Van Aert, Phase Retrieval from 4-Dimensional Electron Diffraction Datasets, 2021 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) 3453 (2021).

[86] T. J. Pennycook, G. T. Martinez, C. M. O’Leary, H. Yang, and P. D. Nellist, Efficient Phase Contrast Imaging via Electron Ptychography, a Tutorial, Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, 2684 (2019).

[87] T. J. Pennycook, G. T. Martinez, P. D. Nellist, and J. C. Meyer, High Dose Efficiency Atomic Resolution Phase Imaging with Electron Ptychography, Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, 196 (2018).

[88] T. J. Pennycook, G. T. Martinez, P. D. Nellist, and J. C. Meyer, The Potential for Greater Clarity Cryo-Electron Microscopy via Ptychography, Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, 878 (2018).

[89] C. Li, P. Jerábek, G. Habler, T. Griffiths, A. Recnik, C. Mangler, T. J. Pennycook, J. C. Meyer, and R. Abart, Structure of Reaction Interfaces and Their Migration During Diffusive Phase Transformations, EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts 20, 16238 (2018).

[90] G. T. Martinez et al., Towards a Direct Visualization of Charge Transfer in Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride Using a Fast Pixelated Detector in the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope, Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, 436 (2017).

[91] G. Argentero et al., A New Detection Scheme for van Der Waals Heterostructures, Imaging Individual Fullerenes Between Graphene Sheets, and Controlling the Vacuum in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, 460 (2017).

[92] T. Susi, A. Mittelberger, C. Kramberger, C. Mangier, C. Hofer, T. J. Pennycook, J. Kotakoski, and J. C. Meyer, Understanding and Exploiting the Interaction of Electron Beams with Low-Dimensional Materials - from Controlled Atomic-Level Manipulation to Circumventing Radiation Damage, Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, 196 (2017).

[93] P. D. Nellist, G. Martinez, T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, H. Yang, M. Huth, M. Simson, H. Soltau, Y. Kondo, and R. Sagawa, Imaging Charge Transfer in Crystals Using Electron Ptychography, Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances A70, C121 (2017).

[94] H. Yang et al., Simultaneous Imaging of Light and Heavy Elements at Atomic Resolution Using Electron Ptychography and Fast Pixelated Detectors, Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances A73, A168 (2017).

[95] H. Yang, R. dos Reis, G. Martinez, L. Jones, M. Simson, H. Soltau, Y. Kondo, R. Sagawa, T. J. Pennycook, and P. Nellist, Electron Ptychographic Phase Imaging Using Fast Pixelated Detectors, Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances A73, C1349 (2017).

[96] C. Li, T. Griffiths, T. J. Pennycook, C. Mangler, L. C. Götze, P. Jeřábek, J. Meyer, G. Habler, and A. Rainer, Interface Migration Mechanism on Corundum/Spinel/Periclase: Atomic Study via Aberration-Corrected STEM, European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings 1178 (2016).

[97] S. J. Pennycook et al., Tracking Atoms, Vacancies and Electrons via Aberration-Corrected Microscopy and First-Principles Theory, European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings 964 (2016).

[98] C. Li, T. J. Pennycook, S. J. Haigh, A. R. Lupini, N. Paudel, Y. Yan, and S. J. Pennycook, Investigating Cu Diffusion in CdTe Solar Cells via Aberration-Corrected STEM: Cu_2 − Xte Precipitates at CdTe Twins and the CdTe/CdS Interface, European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings 798 (2016).

[99] T. J. Pennycook, H. Yang, C. Mangler, S. Hummel, B. Bayer, J. Kotakoski, P. D. Nellist, and J. C. Meyer, Charge Transfer Sensitivity and Dose Efficiency with Pixilated Detectors and Ptychographic Phase Contrast Imaging in STEM, European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings 721 (2016).

[100] P. D. Nellist et al., Efficient and Quantitative Phase Imaging in Two- and Three-Dimensions Using Electron Ptychography in STEM, European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings 517 (2016).

[101] P. D. Nellist et al., The Use of Electron Ptychography to Implement Efficient Phase Imaging in STEM, Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, 466 (2016).

[102] H. Yang et al., Phase Imaging in STEM Allowing for Post-Acquisition Aberration Correction and 3D Optical Sectioning Using Ptychography Wigner-Distribution Deconvolution, Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, 508 (2016).

[103] H. Yang, L. Jones, H. Ryll, M. Simson, H. Soltau, Y. Kondo, R. Sagawa, H. Banba, T. J. Pennycook, and P. D. Nellist, High Efficiency Phase Contrast Imaging in STEM Using Fast Direct Electron Pixelated Detectors, Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, 2303 (2015).

[104] H. Yang, J. G. Lozano, T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, P. B. Hirsch, and P. D. Nellist, STEM Optical Sectioning for Imaging Screw Displacements in Dislocation Core Structures, Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, 1927 (2015).

[105] P. D. Nellist, H. Yang, J. G. Lozano, T. J. Pennycook, and P. B. Hirsch, STEM Optical Sectioning for Imaging Screw Displacements in Dislocation Core Structures, Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, 86 (2014).

[106] T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, M. Cabero, A. Ribera-Calzada, C. Leon, M. Varela, J. Santamaria, and P. D. Nellist, Optical Sectioning with Atomic Resolution Spectroscopy, Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, 584 (2014).

[107] T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, H. Pettersson, V. Nicolosi, and P. D. Nellist, Probing Atomic Scale Dynamics with STEM, Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, 104 (2014).

[108] T. J. Pennycook, A. R. Lupini, L. Jones, and P. D. Nellist, Maximum Efficiency STEM Phase Contrast Imaging, Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, 382 (2014).

[109] Y. Yan et al., Defect Physics in Photovoltaic Materials Revealed by Combined High-Resolution Microscopy and Density-Functional Theory Calculation, Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, 514 (2014).

[110] C. Li, Y. Wu, J. Poplawsky, N. Paudel, T. J. Pennycook, S. J. Haigh, A. R. Lupini, M. P. Oxley, Y. Yan, and S. J. Pennycook, Understanding Individual Defects in CdTe Solar Cells: From Atomic Structure to Electrical Activity, Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, 518 (2014).

[111] E. A. Lewis, R. C. Page, D. J. Binks, T. J. Pennycook, P. OBrien, and S. J. Haigh, Probing the Core-Shell-Shell Structure of CdSe/CdTe/CdS Type II Quantum Dots for Solar Cell Applications, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 522, 012069 (2014).

[112] T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, M. Cabero, A. Ribera-Calzada, C. Leon, M. Varela, J. Santamaria, and P. D. Nellist, Depth Sensitive Atomic Resolution Spectroscopy and Imaging of Highly Strained YSZ/STO Epitaxial Heterostructures, Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, 538 (2013).

[113] T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, H. Pettersson, V. Nicolosi, and P. D. Nellist, Atomic Scale Dynamics of a Manganese Oxide Phase Change Observed with STEM, Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, 1876 (2013).

[114] H. Pettersson, M. Canavan, J. Coelho, T. J. Pennycook, and V. Nicolosi, Microstructural Characterization of Manganese Oxides Supercapacitors Based on Liquid-Phase Exfoliated for Energy Storage Applications, Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, 1530 (2013).

[115] T. J. Pennycook, L. Jones, and P. D. Nellist, Position-Sensitive STEM Detectors for High-Sensitivity Phase Detection, Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, 1180 (2013).

[116] C. Li, T. J. Pennycook, D. N. Leonard, K. Jones, Z. Wang, M. Al-Jassim, N. Paudel, Y. Yan, and S. J. Pennycook, Core Structures of Dislocations Within CdTe Grains, MRS Proceedings 1526, mrsf12 (2013).

[117] C. Li, A. R. Lupini, D. N. Leonard, C. M. Parish, S. J. Pennycook, T. J. Pennycook, M. J. Romero, H. Moutinho, M. Al-Jassim, and Y. Yan, Study of Selected Grain Boundaries in CdTe by Aberration-Corrected STEM, Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, 424 (2012).

[118] A. Thron, K. van Benthem, J. Chan, C. L. Hinkle, T. J. Pennycook, S. J. Pennycook, and A. Jain, Substitutional and Interstitial Diffusion of Ni Across the NiSi/Si Interface, Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, 344 (2012).

[119] J. R. McBride, S. J. Rosenthal, S. T. Pantelides, S. J. Pennycook, and T. J. Pennycook, Dynamics and White Light Emission from CdSe Nanocrystals, Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, 1830 (2012).

[120] S. J. Pennycook, M. Varela, A. R. Lupini, M. P. Oxley, W. Zhou, J. Lee, J. C. Idrobo, T. J. Pennycook, and S. T. Pantelides, Insights into Energy Materials Through Aberration-Corrected STEM, Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, 1354 (2012).

[121] S. Ma, T. J. Pennycook, M. Oxley, D. Leonard, C. Kiely, S. J. Pennycook, and M. Harmer, Grain Boundary Complexions in TiO₂ Bicrystals Doped with CuO, Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, 1336 (2011).

[122] T. J. Pennycook, J. McBride, S. Rosenthal, S. Pantelides, and S. J. Pennycook, Structure of White Light Emitting CdSe Nanocrystals, Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, 1636 (2011).

[123] S. T. Pantelides et al., Probing Interfaces Using a Combination of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Density-Functional Theory, Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, 1316 (2011).

[124] V. Nicolosi, Z. Aslam, J. Kim, O. L. Krivanek, M. F. Chisholm, T. J. Pennycook, A. I. Kirkland, N. Grobert, and P. D. Nellist, Processing and Aberration-Corrected Imaging of Novel Low-Dimensional Nanostructures, Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, 76 (2010).

[125] M. F. Chisholm, N. Dellby, M. F. Murfitt, V. Nicolosi, M. P. Oxley, T. J. Pennycook, G. J. Corbin, Z. S. Szilagyi, S. J. Pennycook, and O. L. Krivanek, Annular Dark-Field Imaging of Atomic Substitution in Single-Layer Materials, Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, 74 (2010).

[126] T. J. Pennycook, M. Varela, M. J. Beck, J. Garcia-Barriocanal, F. Bruno, C. Leon, J. Santamaria, S. T. Pantelides, and S. J. Pennycook, Strain-Enhanced Ionic Conductivity, Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, 100 (2010).

[127] S. J. Pennycook et al., Interface Structure-Property Relations Through Aberration-Corrected STEM, Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, 1420 (2010).

[128] S. J. Pennycook et al., New Views of Materials Through Aberration-Corrected STEM, Microscopy and Microanalysis 13, 1168 (2007).

[129] T. J. Pennycook, M. Varela, Z. Sefrioui, J. Santamaría, S. T. Pantelides, and S. J. Pennycook, Atomic Scale Studies of Manganite Grain Boundaries with Colossal Magnetoresistance, Microscopy and Microanalysis 13, 1206 (2007).

[130] T. J. Pennycook, M. Varela, K. van Benthem, and S. J. Pennycook, Low Energy-Loss Spectroscopic Studies of Grain Boundary Cores in Complex Oxides., Microscopy and Microanalysis 11 Suppl 2, 14667 (2005). [1]